The 4 Steps of the Creative Process

It's the second step that's 'mysterious', not the Aha! step

"I'm not creative."

"I wish I could be more creative, but I don't have it in me."

"Why are some people creative and others aren't?"

If I had a nickel for every time I've heard those statements or questions...

The truth is that almost everyone has creative potential. What separates good creatives (or dormant creatives who get lucky) is that they've learned how to walk through the creative process. (Tweet this.)

The irony is that most of them don't know that there is a documented process, yet they've developed habits that allow them to walk through it. On some brute level, they understand the process, though they don't know how it works.

A large part of the problem is that there is an air of mystery and mysticism around the creative process. Because people assume and reinforce the idea that some people have creative potential and others don't, those who do harness their potential and work through the process become all the more "different." And because so few of us see that leveraging our creativity is inextricably linked to how we make money, we let our creative process devolve into a daily crapshoot.

So, let's take a few minutes and demystify the creative process.

The Four Steps of Creativity

We've known for a long time that the creative process can be broken down into four distinct processes, most of which can be fostered and augmented. The processes are:

1. Preparation

2. Incubation

3. Illumination

4. Implementation

I'll spend some time on each step.

Preparation

This is the first phase, which most people call "work." A writer, for example, prepares by writing, by reading, or by revising earlier work. A musician plays scales, chords, or songs; a painter messes with paints or visits an art gallery; an entrepreneur researches problems to solve; a programmer plays with code. In each example, the creative is going through relatively mundane processes.

The reason I say most people call this phase "work" is that these processes may or may not be inherently enjoyable. They're also fairly mundane and tedious, but the creative has learned that this process is necessary to plant the seeds that lead to...

Incubation

If there were truly a mysterious step in the process, this one would be it because you often don't know that you're incubating an idea. Or if you do know you're working on one, you don't know when it's going to come out. It's during this phase that your conscious and subconscious minds are working on the idea, making new connections, separating out unnecessary ideas, and grabbing for other ideas.

This is the phase that most people mess up the most with distractions and the hustle and bustle of daily lives. Modern life, with its many beeps, buzzes, and distractions, has a strong tendency to grab the attention of both our subconscious and our unconscious mind, and as a result, the creative process stops and is instead replaced by more immediate concerns.

However, from this phase comes...

Illumination

This is the "Eureka" moment that many of us spend our days questing after. When it hits, the creative urge is so incredibly strong that we lose track of what else is happening. The driving impulse is to get whatever is going on in our heads down into whatever medium it's intended for.

The most frustrating thing for me is that the "illumination" moments happen at the most inopportune times. They invariably happen when I'm in the shower, when I'm driving by myself, when I'm working out, or when I'm sitting in mind-numbing meetings that I can't get out of. Of course, the bad part is as I said above: the impulse is to get the idea out as soon as possible, so it's not at all uncommon for me to stop showering, driving, or working out and run to the nearest notepad - and, in meetings, I start purging immediately anyway. I've yet to gain enough clout to excuse myself from the meetings, but I'm working on it.

I was speaking to a friend a few weeks ago, and I told her I was frustrated because I was pregnant with ideas and didn't have time to get them out. Keeping with the analogy, when a Eureka! moment hits, it's much like labor - you're done with incubating, and it's time for...

Implementation

This phase is the one in which the idea you've been preparing and incubating sees the light of day. It's when that written piece comes out, when that song flows, when that canvas reveals its painting, and so on. It's also when a good creative starts to evaluate the idea and determine whether it's good or not - but only after they have enough to see where it's going.

Most of the creatives I know or work with get really frustrated with others during this phase. Other people only see the creation at the end, and they don't recognize or care much about the process that generated that idea. This is especially true with some supervisors and bosses who expect the end product on a certain schedule, even though the creative process does not work that way. Creatives know that for every good idea, there are at least a few that don't work out, but they can't know ahead of time what's going to work out and what won't.

The creative process begins with work and ends with work. The take-away point here is that creativity is not just percolating and Eureka: it's percolating and Eureka sandwiched between work phases.

Debugging Your Creative Process

Understanding the creative process helps you start figuring out where your bugs are. My contention here is that everyone is capable of creative thought and originality, but some people are more creative because they've learned either how to let their process work or how to augment the creative process. Everyone else short-circuits their creative process.

I should add a caveat here which some may find empowering and others may find frustrating. Intelligence and creativity are loosely related - some really intelligent people are not very creative, and some creative people aren't all that intelligent in the way that we standardly view intelligence. Creativity favors intelligence, but that has almost everything to do with two facts: 1) the more intelligent creative can prepare more quickly and more broadly than the less intelligent creative, and 2) the more intelligent creative generally has managed to secure employment that allows her more autonomy in her schedule.

In case you want numbers, most psychologists conclude that people with an IQ of 120 or above have plenty of potential to pursue creative thinking and lifestyles, and under that, they'll struggle. There's also very little correlation between education and intelligence, so don't think you can't be creative because you didn't go to college or grad school. Some of the smartest people I know never attended college.

In my experience and work with others, the first two steps are where most people mess up their creative process. Part of preparation is working on things that interest you, and most people haven't really sat down and figured out what interests and motivates them. This is especially true since our culture both exalts creatives and hates them at the same time and a lot of people haven't found their creative outlet. They think either that they're not creative or that creative pursuits are a waste of time.

Another area in preparation where many people go wrong is in not being aware of how social the creative process is. Few great ideas come from a person sitting and thinking by herself – true, that's part of the incubation phase, but the seeds are planted in the preparation phase. Talking to people who are interested in the same things you are or who are just plain creative helps you become more creative, and this explains why creatives tend to be attracted to areas with a high density of other creatives. You have to balance creating, connecting, and consuming.

Also, as I discussed above, many people don't let their ideas incubate. Creatives throughout history have always spoken against working for someone else because doing so has a tendency to stop your own incubation process – when your boss tells you to change directions on a project or reassigns tasks, your incubation process is stunted. Additionally, when you don't understand that your well-being and employment depend on your ability to leverage your creativity, you're less likely to take this important part of the process seriously. Hint: The fact that you work for someone else has little to do with your creativity or the fact that you are employed due to your creativity.

With these two phases of the process short-circuited, it's no wonder that people aren't manifesting their creativity. It's not because they don't have the capacity to be creative, and it has everything to do with their creative process being buggy. Fixing the creative process is not that hard to do, and I'll talk more about it in future posts.

Here's something I want you to keep in mind and it's why I'm so adamant about your understanding your creative process and understanding that your livelihood depends on your leveraging your creativity: all it takes is one or two good ideas, well-executed, for you to live the life of greatness.

Most of the influential creatives throughout history – including present ones – started with one really good idea. The rest of their life was spent either working on that idea or living off of the fruit of that idea. You may be incubating that great idea, or you may be one step away from it, and I want you to get it out so we can all enjoy it.

If you’d like to hear more about the creative process, you may also like episode 131 of The Productive Flourishing Podcast, where Larry Robertson and I question the givens of creativity.